<p>Fletcher Blaisdell Farm Complex is a historic farm complex located at Coeymans in Albany County, New York. The complex includes the farmhouse , hay barn , corn crib , smoke house , tenant house , small barn , and shed / chicken coops . The farmhouse is a -story, three-by-three-bay, gable-fronted, side hall plan Greek Revival–style dwelling with south and east wings added.</p><br>
<p>It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2001.</p><br>
<p>The IOOF Building in Ashland, Oregon, also known as Oddfellows Building, is a two-story eclectic-styled building in "The Plaza" area of Ashland that was built in 1879. Historically its second story served as a clubhouse of the local International Order of Odd Fellows chapter and the ground floor provided specialty store space. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1978, for its architecture. From its construction to 1978, the building had served well in the active "Plaza" area of Medford, and continued in its original purposes. Behind the building, by 1978 there was a landscaped park area which had been extended from nearby Lithia Park, where there was once a mill flume.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>The IOOF Building was built by Jacob, Fox, Guerin, a local builder.</p><br>
<p>The building replaced one that was destroyed in a fire on March 4, 1879.</p><br>
<p>It was individually listed on the National Register in 1978. It was included again on the National Register in 2000 as a contributing building in the Ashland Downtown Historic District.</p><br>
<h2>Description</h2><br>
<p>The main portion of the building is 60 ft by 65 ft by 35 ft. Upstairs about 32 ft by 60 ft was reserved for use by the Oddfellows, and there is a large kitchen and other rooms. The downstairs area is divided into three units and was intended for, and is still used for, retail space. While lower portions of the front façade have been remodeled (including covering bricks by stucco), the upper portion was mostly unchanged from the original, as of 1978, besides having been painted. It had four-over-four lights/windows and has parapets above, with finials that were added at some date after original construction. Photos from c.1890, 1976, and 2011 show upper windows substantially the same; both upper and lower sashes were moveable as of 1978. The sides and rear of the building remained unpainted. Two extensions to the rear had been added. In the lower portion, there originally was an arch (perhaps over the door?) which had a glass spandrel area, which has been filled, and the windows have been changed.</p><br>
<p>The Harrisburg Odd Fellows Hall, also known as I.O.O.F. Covenant Lodge No. 12, in the small community of Harrisburg, Oregon, USA, was built in 1882. Odd Fellows chapter members L. Stites, a local brickmason and brickyard owner, and John Martin, a carpenter, significantly helped in its construction. The Harrisburg Disseminator then declared it to be "the finest building in this part of the Willamette Valley".</p><br>
<p>It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1992 for its Italianate architecture. It was historically as a meeting hall, a theater and a specialty store.</p><br>
<p>It is a prominent historic building in Harrisbury&#39;s old commercial center, and, in 1992, it had a completely intact lodge hall in the front 50 ft of its second floor. It is a two-story 25 ft by 100 ft brick building that is mostly intact, with the exception of its missing cornice. The lodge hall includes plaster walls, coved cornice, door and window trim, tongue-and-grove wainscot and "bases and crested arched backing daises at opposite ends of the hall".</p><br>
<p>The I.O.O.F. – Paris Fair Building in Hood River, Oregon was built in 1906, with Early Commercial architecture. Also known as Idlewild Lodge No. 107, Odd Fellow&#39;s Hall, and Paris Fair Department Store, it served historically as a department store and as an International Order of Odd Fellows meeting hall. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1990.</p><br>
<p>Its third floor was originally the lodge hall.</p><br>
<p>The Lake Oswego Odd Fellows Hall, in Lake Oswego, Oregon, was built in 1890. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1979. It served historically as a meeting hall of the local Independent Order of Odd Fellows chapter, which was formed in 1888. It also has served as a specialty store and in other uses.</p><br>
<p>The 31 ft by 60 ft building is one of the oldest in Lake Oswego.</p><br>
<p>The Odd Fellows Building in downtown Portland, Oregon, was built in 1922–1924. It served historically as a clubhouse. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1980 for its architecture, which is Late Gothic Revival.</p><br>
<p>It is a six-story structure built of reinforced concrete, with a full concrete basement. It was deemed "significant to Portland as the singular example of Period architecture in the "Gothic" style, in which Tudor Gothic elements of terra cotta were applied to a skyscraper form. One of 75 building standing in the city today which were built between 1900 and 1930 & which incorporate structural terra cotta, the Odd Fellows Building is among the most distinctive of its type because of its unique stylistic theme and because of the prominent site it occupies in the midst of a bustling few blocks between the Portland Art Museum and the Central Library."</p><br>
<p>It was designed by German-born architect Ernst Kroner (1866–1955), who was notably active in politics in Portland from 1889 to 1897. Kroner also designed the Clatskanie IOOF Hall, which is also NRHP-listed.</p><br>
<p>The Odd Fellows Building is a historic commercial building on Main Street in Gary, South Dakota. It is a two-story brick building, with a decorative corbeled cornice. It has a typical retail plate-glass front on the first floor, and sash windows with stone lintels on the second floor. It was built in 1889 by the local chapter of the International Order of Odd Fellows, and was used both by that fraternal organization for its meetings and events, but also for local town meetings. The ground floor has housed a variety of commercial enterprises over the years, as well as a museum.</p><br>
<p>The building was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1976, for its architecture.</p><br>
<p>The Odd Fellows Hall, also known as Tadmore Light Lodge, No. 6184, is a historic Grand United Order of Odd Fellows meeting hall located at Blacksburg, Montgomery County, Virginia. It was built in 1905, and is a two-story frame structure clad in painted weatherboard siding. It has a standing seam metal gable roof. The building served throughout the early- to mid-20th century as the social center of the local African-American community.</p><br>
<p>It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2005.</p><br>
<p>The Slack–Comstock–Marshall Farm is a farm in Uniontown, Arkansas. Built in 1918, the farmhouse was constructed in the Plain Traditional style and has an uncommon vernacular design. The house was originally built as a small building and was later expanded by adding rooms, a common practice at the time. However, the Slack–Comstock–Marshall farmhouse is unusual in that it was expanded by a large three-room, -story addition with a cross gable roof. A wraparound porch was also added to the house to integrate the large addition with the rest of the design. The farm was used by three families to raise livestock and grow cotton, corn, and strawberries; it was sold by the descendants of the Marshall family in 2019; the new owners have recently completed a ground up restoration while honoring the original uncommon vernacular design and exterior details.</p><br>
<p>The farm was added to the National Register of Historic Places on June 9, 1995.</p><br>
<p>Slack-Comstock-Marshall Farm House, Front View.JPGFront view of the farm house</p><br>
<p>Slack-Comstock-Marshall Farm House, West Porch.JPGWest porch of the farm house</p><br>
<p>Slack-Comstock-Marshall Farm, Detail.JPGDetail of the farm house showing gable, chimney, and roof</p><br>
<p>The Abel E. Eaton House is a historic house located in Union, Oregon, United States. It is listed on the National Register of Historic Places on November 2, 1977. This fine French Second Empire-style house was built in 1904 for Abel Elsworth Eaton, a prosperous Union businessman, community leader, and mayor. It stands in the north Union neighborhood that was the town&#39;s upscale residential area during its period of rapid and vigorous growth in the late 19th and early 20th centuries.</p><br>
<p>Loudon Road Historic District is a national historic district located at Loudonville in Albany County, New York. It includes 20 contributing buildings; 17 are residences and three are in commercial use. The district encompasses representative structures from the areas growth during the 19th and early 20th century. Notable structures include the home of Elias Ireland , an early school from 1811 that was rebuilt about 1850, summer cottages from the late 19th century including that of Judge Ira Harris, and Georgian Revival homes from the early 20th century.</p><br>
<p>It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1979.</p><br>
<p>Onesquethaw Valley Historic District is a national historic district principally located at New Scotland in Albany County, New York. It includes 25 contributing buildings and three contributing archaeological sites. In encompasses farmsteads and sites in part of the valley of Onesquethaw Creek, a tributary of Coeymans Creek. Most notable are eight 18th-century stone houses. The archaeological sites are a grist mill site, sawmill site, and a prehistoric Indian site.</p><br>
<p>It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1974.</p><br>
<p>Menand Park Historic District is a national historic district located in the village of Menands in Albany County, New York. It includes 21 contributing buildings; all are residences. The district encompasses an unusual collection of bungalows and Prairie Style houses designed in the period from 1913 to 1925. Most of them have low sloping roofs with wide overhangs and exposed rafters, recessed porches supported by massive brick or cobblestone piers, and cobblestone or stucco coated chimneys.</p><br>
<p>It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1985.</p><br>
<p>Rensselaerville Historic District is a national historic district located at Rensselaerville in Albany County, New York. It includes 86 contributing buildings and encompasses most of the buildings in the hamlet of Rensselaerville. Most date to the early 19th century and are predominantly Greek Revival in style.</p><br>
<p>It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1983.</p><br>
<p>Enlarged Erie Canal Historic District is a discontiguous national historic district located in the City of Cohoes in Albany County, New York. It includes two contributing buildings and 10 contributing structures. It encompasses resources associated with the Enlarged Erie Canal, 1835–1862, Locks 9 through 18. The district includes five numbered units with each unit representing a cohesive grouping of resources highlighted by one or more extant canal locks. Each unit consists of at least one remaining lock and the associated elements including sections of towpath, berm walls, engineering features, and canal prism.</p><br>
<p>Unit 1: Lock 9</p><br>
<p>Unit 2: Lock 10</p><br>
<p>Unit 3: Locks 14 and 15</p><br>
<p>Unit 4: Lock 17</p><br>
<p>Unit 5: Lock 18</p><br>
<p>It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2004.</p><br>
<p>The Odd Fellows Valley Lodge No. 189 Building is a historic building located at 1900 Broadway Avenue in Bay City, Michigan. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2010.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>The first area Odd Fellows lodge was established in 1866 in what was then the village of Portsmouth, and is now a section of Bay City. The Portsmouth Lodge No. 104 was chartered the following year. Lodge members soon voted to move to Bay City, and the name changed to Bay Lodge No. 104 in 1869. The city grew, and five more lodges were spun off from the Bay Lodge. The second of these was Valley Lodge No. 189, founded in 1872 and chartered in 1873. Along with Excelsior Lodge No. 30, Daughters of Rebekah, the Valley lodge met in a series of rented quarters until 1898, when they moved into their own building located at this site.</p><br>
<p>By the mid-1920s Lodge membership was peaking, and the Valley Lodge constructed a new, larger headquarters in 1928. The building was funded by local philanthropist Mendel J. Bialy, and designed by architect Averton E. Munger. Both the Valley Lodge and the Excelsior Lodge continued to use the building for over 50 years. However, Odd Fellows membership was declining, and in 1979 the Odd Fellows vacated the building.</p><br>
<p>The city considered renovating the building as a police station after it was purchased by the city in 2004 to save it from demolition. The city sold it in 2009 for $8,000 to a local developer who planned to restore it for use by a vocational school. The second floor was partially collapsed at that time. However, in 2015, the owner was convicted of tax fraud, throwing the future of the building into doubt.</p><br>
<h2>Description</h2><br>
<p>The Valley Lodge Building is a two-story rectangular steel-frame Classical Revival building, clad with red, buff, and whitish</p><br>
<p>brick walls and accented with cast concrete trim. It has a flat roof and stands on foundation walls built of concrete and fieldstone. The building is sited on a corner. The red brick front facade is symmetrical, with a slightly projecting, narrow central section that contains a double-door entryway. Storefronts topped with slightly projecting cornices flank the entryway. Above, the entry projection is flanked by large rectangular panels containing a single double-hung window set in an arched-head surround. A low parapet runs across the top. The side facade has a recessed entry and three large tripartite windows in the first floor and a single small window in the second.</p><br>
<p>Inside, the lodge has a small stair to the second floor inside the entryway. To either side on the first floor is retail space, which runs about half the length of the building. Behind are former lodge club room on one side and furnace room and office on the other. Another rear stair leads to the second floor. The second floor contains a large lodge room occupying most of the floor. The lodge room has a small stage and two tiers of theater seats set on risers along the wall on either side, with a level floor in the center. The room is lit by large rectangular skylights in the center of the room.</p><br>
<p>The LSU Campus Mounds or LSU Indian Mounds are two Native American mounds of the Archaic Period, on the campus of Louisiana State University in Baton Rouge, Louisiana. Construction on the 20 ft mounds began more than 11,000 years ago, and may have continued until 5,000 years ago. They predate the Great Pyramids of Egypt.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>The mounds were built thousands of years ago on a spot overlooking the floodplain of the Mississippi River in what is now Baton Rouge, Louisiana, and the site of Louisiana State University. The northern mound consists of hard clay dirt; the southern mound is more porous. The scholarly consensus is that they were used for "ceremonial and marking point purposes," rather than for burial. They are part of a larger, statewide system of mounds.</p><br>
<p>They were first dated in 1982. In 2009, LSU professor Brooks Ellwood took core samples that revealed a layer of charcoal, possibly from a pit barbecue or a cremation.</p><br>
<h2>Preservation</h2><br>
<p>Due to their location in a heavily trafficked area of campus, the mounds began to show signs of degradation as well as natural erosion. To alleviate the issue, the university installed a sidewalk between the mounds in 1985. In addition, a low brick wall was placed around the mounds in order to prevent vehicles from dangerously crossing the mounds. Erosion continued to take its toll until a restoration project was initiated in 1996. Using river silt, the LSU Facility Services patched damage on both mounds and seeded a hybrid Bermuda grass to prevent future problems.</p><br>
<p>The mounds were listed on the National Register of Historic Places on March 1, 1999.</p><br>
<p>In 2010, LSU announced the "Save the Mounds" campaign to preserve the mounds. Officials from the school stated that the mounds had suffered internal structural damage that would lead to their eventual collapse. While they were formerly used for tailgate parties, in 2010 they began to be fenced off during LSU&#39;s home football games to prevent them from being damaged.</p><br>
<p>The Odd Fellows Rest Cemetery is located in New Orleans, Louisiana. Opened in 1849, Odd Fellow Rest Cemetery is one of a group of historic cemeteries in New Orleans. The cemetery features Renaissance architecture and Exotic Revival architecture. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in May 1980. Odd Fellows Rest Cemetery is not open to the public.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>Odd Fellows Rest Cemetery is the oldest Fraternal Cemetery in New Orleans. Land for the Odd Fellows Rest Cemetery was purchased for $700 in 1847 by the members of the Grand Lodge of the Independent Order of Odd Fellows. The cemetery was officially opened in 1849 as a burial place for members of the Odd Fellows and their families. The first interments in the cemetery took place at the opening ceremony in 1849, where the remains of 16 members of the Odd Fellows were disinterred from other cemeteries and reinterred at Odd Fellows. Due to the 1853 Yellow Fever Pandemic burials were opened to persons outside the Order of the Odd Fellows.</p><br>
<p>Today the cemetery is closed to the public to prevent vandalism. The Herb Import Company shares the cemetery&#39;s address and leases the location from the Odd Fellows.</p><br>
<p>The Odd Fellows and Confederate Cemetery, at the corner of Cemetery and Commerce Streets in Grenada, Mississippi is a historic cemetery. It includes Gothic architecture, Romanesque architecture, Classical architecture. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1988, for architectural criteria.</p><br>
<p>The Confederate section contains about 150 graves of Confederate soldiers who died in the Grenada area.</p><br>
<p>The cemeteries may contain burials from several specific calamities. Grenada suffered a tornado on May 7, 1846, which destroyed 112 houses and killed 21 persons. And it suffered a fire in 1855 which burned about half of the towns buildings. And soon after the fall of Vicksburg, Grenada was site of a Union cavalry raid on August 18 and 19, 1863, which overwhelmed a token defensive force and destroyed the towns railway depot, railyard buildings, eighty locomotives and 200 freight cars.</p><br>
<p>The cemetery may also include burials of victims of a devastating Yellow Fever epidemic in 1878 which killed at least 363 individuals, including the mayor, of a town of about 2,000 total population.</p><br>
<p>The Odd Fellows Cemetery in Starkville, Mississippi is a historic, 3 acre African-American cemetery that was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1990.</p><br>
<p>Odd Fellows Cemetery is one of the oldest African American cemeteries in Mississippi. It was founded by lodge number 2948 of the Grand Order of Odd Fellows of America. Burials began in the 19th century, but permanent markers were not in use until the 1920s. In 1939 the Odd Fellows Lodge sold the cemetery to National Funeral Home, a white-owned company that continued to operate it as an African-American cemetery. The property has changed several times since then.</p><br>
<p>Sardis Baptist Church is a historic church near Union Springs, Alabama, United States.</p><br>
<p>Settlers from the Edgefield District, South Carolina, organized the Sardis Baptist Church on June 10, 1837. The first building, a log cabin, was constructed in 1841 after John M. Dozier and his wife, Amy Youngblood Dozier, deeded four and one-half acres to the church for a building and cemetery. The present building, constructed in 1850, is an exceptionally fine example of rural antebellum church architecture of Greek Revival style.</p><br>
<p>Relatively unaltered since construction, its four columns support a full entablature and low-pitched roof. Each of the two primary entrances have double-paneled doors trimmed with unadorned molding, and each side of the building has four tall, shuttered, 18-light windows.</p><br>
<p>The church ultimately became inactive in the 1950s. The building was renovated and repaired in 1940-41 and then again in 1992–93.</p><br>
<p>In the cemetery, the oldest tombstone bears the name of Moses E. Martin, died May 18, 1848. Part of the cemetery near the church served the African-American community during the early years. As the need arose for more space, William Andrew Martin and his wife, Nancy Strom Martin, who had bought the adjoining land from the Doziers in 1860, allowed the church to extend the cemetery southward onto their property.</p><br>
<p>Sardis School, a community school, was located on the church property across the highway from the church on the corner of Highway 223 and County Road 22. Newspaper articles indicate the school was operating in 1861 and 1870. The old Sardis School building was subsequently moved east on County Road 22 where it became, as it remains today, the living room of the Livingston Paulk home.</p><br>
<p>In 1867, the Buena Vista Masonic Lodge No. 169 was located just north of the church property.</p><br>
<p>The church was added to the Alabama Register of Landmarks and Heritage on December 19, 1991, and the National Register of Historic Places on November 29, 2001.</p><br>
<p>County Line Baptist Church is a historic Southern Baptist church east of Dudleyville, Alabama, United States. The church was first organized on May 2, 1835, in the frontier home of William C. Morgan. Morgan purchased the 2 acre site from Creek Indians and contributed it to the church. The current church building on the site was built in 1890, and has been in continuous use, and remained virtually unaltered since its construction.</p><br>
<p>The church was added to the Alabama Register of Landmarks and Heritage on January 14, 1980, and the National Register of Historic Places on August 19, 1982.</p><br>
<p>Mount Sterling Methodist Church is a historic Methodist church building near the junction of Choctaw County Road 43 and Choctaw County Road 27 in the rural community of Mount Sterling, Alabama, United States. It is an almost unaltered example of the simple, Greek Revival style popular for rural churches in the mid-19th century. It was added to the National Register of Historic Places on May 8, 1986.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>The church was completed in a simple Greek Revival style in 1859, when the community was a prosperous antebellum town. The land for the church was donated by the Catterlin family, early Choctaw County settlers who had established the a post office in Mount Sterling in 1838. The one-story frame building was the first in the county to be built exclusively as a church; an earlier Baptist church was originally built as a Masonic lodge and seminary. It used for church services up until the 1970s, when the dwindling congregation could no longer afford to maintain it. In 1980, the property was donated to the Choctaw County Historical Society. The historical society, at the time having only just under 50 members, spent more than 15 years raising money and restoring the structure for use as a community hall. It is one of only two remaining 19th century churches in the Mount Sterling area, the other being St. John&#39;s Christian Methodist Episcopal Church.</p><br>
<h2>Architecture</h2><br>
<p>The church is a rectangular structure with a gable roof running the length of the building. It sits on individual brick piers. The exterior is clad in lap board siding painted white. The front façade has two pairs of entry doors under the plain gable-end pediment. Each side has four, nine-over-nine sash windows with shutters, while the rear has two such windows. The square, pyramidal roofed steeple sits near the entrance end of the building, and is clad is lap board with vents in each side. A small addition, with details closely matching the main building, has been built off the southeast side of the church, with a covered walkway connecting it to the main building.</p><br>
<p>The interior consists of one large room that was partitioned on the south end in the 1950s to create two Sunday school rooms. The roof support system is unique to southwest Alabama, and consists of a single truss with vertical tie rods running the length of the building, which is notched to be attached to the ceiling joists and diagonal trusses. This has caused the bottom chord to crack, and wood columns were added underneath the cracked portion. The original lath and plaster walls have been replaced with drywall, but the original heart pine flooring is intact.</p><br>
<p>Shoal Creek Baptist Church is a historic church in Edwardsville, Alabama, United States. It was built in 1895 and added to the National Register of Historic Places on December 4, 1974. The present church building is apparently the third to have been built at the site.</p><br>
<p>There is no record of the formal end of the church fellowship. The church declined due to membership relocation and by 1914 apparently so many had left, that the church no longer met regularly. The last entry in the existing minutes is dated September 6, 1914. Since the cessation of the church fellowship, the building has been used occasionally for family gatherings, weddings, or for church services of a local congregation. Its most regular use has been for an annual Sacred Harp singing.</p><br>
<p>Claybank Log Church is a historic church in Ozark, Alabama. The building is the second church on the site, replacing a similar structure built in 1829. The current building was constructed by a Methodist minister, although the church was also used for various community functions. It is believed to be the oldest extant building in Dale County. In 1873, the congregation built a new church closer to the center of town. The log church was used only sporadically after 1900, and was purchased by the Claybank Memorial Association in the 1960s. The interior of the church was restored to its original appearance in 1980.</p><br>
<p>The church consists of one large room, measuring 30 feet, 5 inches, by 25 feet, 3 inches (approximately 9 by 7.5 meters). The walls are formed by pine logs ranging in diameter from 12 to 15.5 inches (30 to 40 cm) joined at the corners by dovetail joints.</p><br>
<p>It was added to the National Register of Historic Places November 7, 1976.</p><br>
<p>The Tenino Downtown Historic District is two blocks long, one-half block-deep on either side of Sussex Street in Tenino, Washington. Approximately three acres in size, the district was added to the National Register of Historic Places on June 25, 2004. Sussex Street is the main thoroughfare through Tenino and is also part of Washington State Route 507.</p><br>
<p>Contributing properties include the State Bank of Tenino, built in 1908; Campbell and Campbell Store, built in 1906-07; Mentzner and Coping Block, built in 1914; Miller Block, built in 1906; VFW Hall/Liberty Theater, built in 1914; Columbia Building, built in 1906; Wolf Building, built in 1908; Henderson and Davis Garage, built in 1924; Masonic Temple, built in 1921; Skaggs Store, built in 1925; Tenino Telephone Office, built in 1925; Wichman Office, built in 1904; and the Russell Building, built in 1908. Other significant but non-contributing buildings in the district are the Mandery-Martin Building, built in 1925 and Jiffy Lunch, built in 1923.</p><br>
<p>It includes a Masonic Lodge built in 1921, one of few two-story buildings in the district.</p><br>
<p>The Masonic Lodge in Tenino was built in 1921.</p><br>
<p>The John Yeon Speculative House is a historic house located in Portland, Oregon, United States, built in 1939. It was added onto the National Register of Historic Places on August 1, 2007. It is one of a series of speculative houses by native Oregon architect and conservationist John Yeon following the critically acclaimed Watzek House . The series included nine houses built between 1938 and 1940 in Lake Oswego and Portland. The houses used a modular design concept that pioneered the use of external plywood as a building material and separate ventilation louvers, which allowed for series of fixed pane glass to be inset between vertical mullions. Yeon is frequently cited as one of the originators of what became known as the Northwest Regional style of architecture.</p><br>
<p>The Benjamin Walworth Arnold House and Carriage House are located on State Street and Washington Avenue in Albany, New York, United States. They are brick structures dating to the beginning of the 20th century. In 1972 they were included as a contributing property to the Washington Park Historic District when it was listed on the National Register of Historic Places. In 1982 they were listed individually as well.</p><br>
<p>Stanford White designed the buildings, which would be his only work in the city, The house is today the offices of the New York State Catholic Conference, and the carriage house an architectural firm&#39;s office.</p><br>
<h2>Buildings</h2><br>
<p>Both buildings are near Sprague Place, a short north–south street that connects State and Washington just north of the 81 acre Washington Park. The house is on a one-acre (4,000 m) lot taking up, along with a parking lot to the north, the entire west side of the block at the northwest corner of the intersection of State and Sprague opposite the park. The carriage house is on the north side of Washington where it forks to the north from Western Avenue, opposite the intersection of those two streets with Sprague. The surrounding neighborhood is densely developed and urban, with most buildings from the same era, originally designed for residential use. Some mature trees are planted among them, making the transition to the large park to the south less abrupt.</p><br>
<h3>House</h3><br>
<p>The house is a three-story five-by-five-bay structure of brick laid in Flemish bond, with corner quoins, on an exposed white marble foundation. It is topped by a flat roof pierced by three brick chimneys. On the east (front) facade the two bays flanking the center are on rounded projections. An iron fence with brick posts topped by wooden spheres sets it off from the streets on the south and east.</p><br>
<p>On the first floor of both facades windows are six-over-six double-hung sash. They have marble trim with consoles supporting bracketed cornices and entablatures. Small iron railings are attached to the sills. The second and third floor windows are less elaborate, with marble sills and keystoned lintels. On the east facade, the central window has two narrow flanking windows with the same treatment, and the window above it has a small balcony with iron railing and two small keystoned round windows. To the south, where the middle three bays form a slightly projecting pavilion, the end windows on the second story have narrow flanking windows, and the central windows on the upper stories have balconies. At the roofline is a classically inspired cornice with modillion blocks and guttae topped with a wooden balustrade. The north facade, otherwise similar to the south, has a projecting conservatory in the center. On the west there is no facade as the building is joined to the one next to it along State Street.</p><br>
<p>Marble steps lead up to the main entrance and a marble porch with paired fluted Ionic columns supporting a marble entablature. Above the porch is an iron balustrade forming a balcony. The doorway, in a marble surround, is flanked by two narrow keystoned windows similar to those on the second story. A modern glass and steel door with a transom opens into a central hallway with wooden wainscoting. Decorated lintels are atop the doorways, bridged by a Doric frieze below the ceiling. Its west end is a wooden staircase with three types of Georgian turned balusters.</p><br>
<p>The southeast room is decorated in an Adamesque style, featuring an onyx mantelpiece. To its west is the library, now used as a conference room. Its oak flooring is laid out in a herringbone pattern. Mahogany moldings, chimney breasts and cornice complete the room. The dining room, opposite, is paneled in darker mahogany, complemented by a green marble mantelpiece. Its north wall opens into the conservatory. Next to the dining room is a small breakfast room with mirrors and wooden latticework on its walls. The northeast corner room is done in dark paneling and hand-tooled leather. Another room in the house has a strapped plaster ceiling. The rooms on the second and third stories are more modest, with some having mantelpieces of their own. The billiards room on the third floor has dark paneling and a large fireplace.</p><br>
<h3>Carriage house</h3><br>
<p>Like the house, the carriage house is of brick on a marble foundation, with marble trim. It is two stories tall. At its roofline is a Doric cornice and balustrade. The door and six-over-one double-hung sash windows are capped with flat marble arches. Like the main house, bricks on the south (front) facade are laid in Flemish bond, the other three are in common bond. The north and east facades have windows while the west is blind as it once abutted a neighboring building. Inside its walls were historically unfinished brick and the floor partially paved, with minimal decoration, although that has been changed by the building&#39;s adaption for office use.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>In 1853, Benjamin W. Arnold of Albany had established his lumber business in partnership with a Michigan man. By the 1880s they were selling lumber from all over the Great Lakes via the Erie Canal. A thousand employees worked in their mills, and the firm had a large portion of dock space on Albany&#39;s waterfront. Benjamin Walworth Arnold succeeded his father upon his 1891 death and continued to expand the business. He eventually became president of the Duluth and Northern Minnesota Railroad, and married into the Van Rensselaer family, descendants of the patroons of the area during Dutch Colonial times.</p><br>
<p>By the turn of the century the lumber business in Albany was declining as forests and markets opened up further west. Arnold turned his attentions to more local industries, such as banking, and began giving away money to local causes. In 1904 he commissioned Stanford White, who had worked for Henry Hobson Richardson as a draftsman thirty years earlier on the state capitol but had not built anything of his own in the city, to design a house on the site of an old chapel that was demolished to make way for it, along with a carriage house on a nearby block. It used the new Colonial Revival architectural style, very different from the homes of other wealthy Albany residents built in the area at the time, making it the subject of extended commentary in local newspapers of the time. It was also the first fully electrified home in the city. White, who did not remain in Albany to oversee the construction, was murdered by Harry Thaw two years later, leaving Arnold&#39;s buildings as his only work in Albany.</p><br>
<p>Arnold himself died in 1932, after spending the later years of his life as a trustee of many local colleges and a director of local banks. His widow remained in the property until her death in 1945. The estate sold the house to the New York State College for Teachers (now part of the State University of New York at Albany), which used it as a fraternity house and dormitory. Two local auto mechanics bought the carriage house and converted it into an auto repair shop.</p><br>
<p>In 1956 the Roman Catholic Diocese of Albany bought the house and converted its second floor to office space. A decade later they renovated the first floor, and it served as the bishop&#39;s residence for some time after that. A local insurance company bought the carriage house in 1977 and converted it for office use. It is now used by an architectural firm.</p><br>
<p>The Jess Norman Post 166 American Legion Hut is a historic clubhouse at 222 South First Street in Augusta, Arkansas. It is a single-story rectangular log structure, with a gable roof and a stone chimney. It is fashioned out of cypress logs joined by square notches, and rests on piers of stone and wood. It was built in 1934 with funding from the Civil Works Administration for the local American Legion chapter, and is architecturally unique in the city. It is still used for its original purpose.</p><br>
<p>The building was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2001.</p><br>
<p>The Bunch-Walton Post No. 22 American Legion Hut is a historic social club meeting hall at 201 Legion Street in Clarksville, Arkansas. It is architecturally unique in the community, built out of native stone in the manner of a Norman castle. It is two stories in height, with rounded projecting corners and a crenellated parapet. Its main entrance is set in a rounded-arch opening at the center of the front facade, and is elevated, with access via flight of stairs. It was built in 1934, and is believed to be the only American Legion hall of this style in the state.</p><br>
<p>The building was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2007.</p><br>
<p>The USA Post Office and Courthouse-Globe Main, in Globe, Arizona, was built in 1926. Also known as Globe Post Office and Courthouse and as Globe Main Post Office, the building served historically as a courthouse of the United States District Court for the District of Arizona, and as a post office and reflects Beaux Arts architecture. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1985.</p><br>
<p>Its NRHP nomination asserts that it "is a particularly well executed example of federal design in the Neo-Classical style." Its construction was a local victory, an event "that symbolized the culmination of many years of effort in lobbying the federal government in order to secure their first and only federal building."</p><br>
<p>The USA Post Office and Immigration Station – Nogales Main is a historic building in Nogales, Arizona, built in 1923. It is located one block east of Nogales&#39; main commercial street, Morely Avenue, and one block from the Santa Cruz County Courthouse. It was listed for its architecture in the National Register of Historic Places in 1985. Also known as Nogales Main Post Office and Immigration Station, it served historically as a post office and as a government office building.</p><br>
<p>It is designed in a simplified Classical Revival architecture style with Spanish Colonial architecture influence. Ornamentation is limited, and mostly consists of the front entranceway&#39;s two columns and cornice.</p><br>
<p>The Gowan Company Building, formerly known as the Yuma Main Post Office or Yuma Downtown Postal Annex, is a historic building in Yuma, Arizona. Constructed in 1933 to serve as the citys main post office, the buildings design, a work of architect Roy Place, is a blend of the Beaux Arts and Spanish Colonial Revival styles. The design includes a loggia supported by Corinthian columns, wrought iron railings and window bars, a molded belt course between the building&#39;s two stories, a projecting bracketed cornice, and a red tile roof. The post office was built toward the end of the Beaux-Arts phase of federal building design, as government architects shifted to a "starved classicism" style in the ensuing years.</p><br>
<p>The building was added to the National Register of Historic Places on December 3, 1985 as the USA Post Office—Yuma Main. It was purchased by the Gowan Company in 1996 for preservation and use as its headquarters.</p><br>
<p>The Lambertville House is a historic building located at 32 Bridge Street in the city of Lambertville in Hunterdon County, New Jersey, United States. The stone section was built in 1812 by Captain John Lambert. It was added to the National Register of Historic Places on September 6, 1978, for its significance in architecture, commerce, and communications. It was listed as a contributing property of the Lambertville Historic District on June 30, 1983. Today, it is a hotel with restaurant and business meeting rooms.</p><br>
<h2>History and description</h2><br>
<p>In 1812, Captain John Lambert (1777–1828), nephew of politician John Lambert (1746–1823), built the original three and one-half story fieldstone building for use as a tavern and inn. It featured vernacular Federal architecture. In 1814, his uncle, then a U. S. Senator, had a post office established in the building, had him appointed postmaster, and named the community Lambert&#39;s Ville. During the third quarter of the 19th century, it was expanded by the addition of a four-story masonry wing featuring Victorian Italianate architecture.</p><br>
<p>The Lambertville Historic District is a 198 acre historic district encompassing the community centered around the intersection of Route 29 and Route 179 in the city of Lambertville in Hunterdon County, New Jersey, United States. The district was added to the National Register of Historic Places on June 30, 1983, for its significance in architecture, commerce, industry, and settlement.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>A wooden bridge was constructed across the Delaware River in 1812 to connect Lambertville with New Hope, Pennsylvania. Bridge street was laid out to meet with the bridge. Many of Lambertville&#39;s oldest structures are located along Bridge street. A tavern on Bridge street called the Lambertville House was built by Captain John Lambert in 1812. The James W. Marshall House also on Bridge street was built in 1816. The Delaware and Raritan Canal was constructed in 1830. The Belvidere Delaware Railroad was built along the canal in 1851.</p><br>
<p>The Holcombe House was documented by the Historic American Buildings Survey (HABS) in 1937. General George Washington used it as his headquarters during the American Revolutionary War in July 1777 and later in June 1778. The stone house was built around 1756 by Richard Holcombe (1726–1783), the son of early settler John Holcombe (1682–1743).</p><br>
<p>The Lambertville City Hall was built in 1870 by A. H. Holcombe and purchased by the city in 1950. The three-story stone house features Second Empire architecture with a concave mansard roof.</p><br>
<h2>Gallery of contributing properties</h2><br>
<p>The El Paso USA Courthouse, also known as El Paso Federal Building or the USA Court House, is a historic building in El Paso, Texas. It is a courthouse of the United States District Court for the Western District of Texas. The building was completed in 1936 and served historically as a courthouse and as a government office building. It is located at 511 East San Antonio Avenue. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2001.</p><br>
<h2>Significance</h2><br>
<p>The Courthouse gives the Federal Government a strong, tangible presence in downtown El Paso. Designed and built in the mid-1930s the building is similar in size, style and construction to government buildings of this era across the country. The architects were Percy McGhee, Guy L. Frazer, and Thomas P. Lippincott. The Neo-Classical Revival facades and durable materials of the blocklike exterior communicate the importance of the functions housed therein to the citizens of the community. The government commissioned artist Thomas C. Lea, III to paint a mural (Pass of the North) in the courthouse in 1938.</p><br>
<p>The basic plan layout is also fairly typical for buildings of this size and era, with spaces configured between and around two large interior courtyards. This arrangement provides light and air to interior rooms, in a way appropriate to the hot, dry climate of Southwest Texas. Originally designed to house two Courts along with offices for related branches of government, growth of the Courts has generated most of the plan changes over time. As of 2010, there were seven courtrooms in the USA Courthouse, with an eighth in the planning stage.</p><br>
<h2>Architectural description</h2><br>
<p>The United States Courthouse is a rectilinear Neo-Classical Revival composition with Art Deco influences. The plan is rectangular and biaxially symmetrical with respect to the exterior facades, except for a service door on the west side. Rooms are for the most part arranged on either side of an interior corridor around two Light Courts. The elevations are composed of a flat fossilized limestone base, repetitive limestone pilasters separated by windows and a windowless limestone architrave with terra cotta ornament and coping concealing the fifth floor and a flat roof. The dressed stone base extends from grade to the first floor window sill height, where tall casement windows are spanned with limestone panels. The second, third and fourth floor double hung windows are treated as a continuous vertical element between pilasters separated by cast aluminum spandrels. The windowless fifth floor was designed and built with skylights which have now been abandoned. On the facades outside this level the stone architrave is set off with a repeating stylized eagle terra cotta frieze. The fluted pilasters run between the base and architrave, and have no base or capital of their own. The exterior of the building has been largely unaltered with the exception of a limestone faced ramp added for the handicapped. This ramp is compatible with the original building, if less well detailed.</p><br>
<p>Inside the Courthouse additions and alterations have been generally less sensitive. The East Light Court has been enclosed at the first level to accommodate a new courtroom. A second large courtroom was added on the second floor at the west end, two floors below one of the two original courts. These spaces have no historical significance but are adequate and appropriate for their new use. Three other courts have been added to the building, which are of insufficient size and deficient shape for their purpose. Except for the Clerk&#39;s Office, functions not directly tied to the Courtrooms have been relocated to renovated spaces, lessening the logic and integrity of the building.</p><br>
<p>Much of the usable basement level has been sacrificed to accommodate hvac ductwork, while the remainder is in original condition. The first floor has been altered to an extent but retains much of its original details and finishes. Almost all of the wood and glass partitions that defined interior spaces and determined their character have been replaced by gypsum board walls. The main public spaces have been best preserved on this level, including the south lobby with its large, important mural across the north wall. The second and third floors retain little of their original character, but the fourth floor retains in largely unaltered form its two courtrooms and its public spaces. The fifth floor was originally toplit and used for storage and a laboratory. With the skylights closed off, it is now dark and confining, housing two Immigration Courts and their related functions. Throughout the building most of the terrazzo flooring, Art Deco hardware, paneled doors with transoms and period light fixtures are still in place.</p><br>
<p>The Hamburg Historic District, also known as the Gold Coast, is a residential neighborhood located on a bluff northwest of downtown Davenport, Iowa, United States. It is listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1983.</p><br>
<h2>Description</h2><br>
<p>Hamburg is located to the northwest of Davenport&#39;s central business district. The neighborhood itself goes as far north as Locust Street and to the west as far as Division Street. It includes the highest concentration of historic buildings and some of the best examples of architectural styles in the neighborhood. The Mississippi River is located five blocks to the south. There is a gradual slope to the land as one travels to the north. After the alley north of Fifth Street, it dramatically rises into a bluff. It peaks at about Seventh Street and descends less dramatically to Ninth Street. The southern part of this area provides a prominent view of the cityscape and the river. For this reason, it became a prime location for the middle and upper-income Germans who immigrated to Davenport to build their homes. The Chicago, Rock Island and Pacific Railroad tracks built along Fifth Street are yet another boundary for the area. The north side of Sixth Street (along the bluff line) that extends from Ripley Street to Gaines Street is known as the "Gold Coast."</p><br>
<p>At the time the historic district&#39;s boundaries were amended in 2017, it consisted of 312 resources, which included 229 contributing buildings, three contributing structures, and 80 non-contributing buildings. In 2017, the districts boundaries were decreased at its corners because of the number of demolitions that occurred in those areas since 1983. They were increased to include one adjacent property.</p><br>
<p>The period of significance was also established in 2017 as 1848 to 1926. Of the 219 properties in the district, 140 are two-story single-family residences with a few duplexes mixed in. A couple apartment buildings and commercial buildings are located along Gaines Street. Of the main buildings, 78 were built between 1848 and 1879, 72 built between 1880 and 1899, and 67 were built between 1900 and 1926. Nine were constructed after the period of significance from 1927 through 2016.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>German immigrants started moving into the city in noticeable numbers starting in the late 1840s. In 1848, 250 Germans came to Davenport and by 1850, that number rose to close to 3,000, or 20% of the citys population. Other German immigrants to Davenport came from Bavaria, Hamburg, Hanover, and Mecklenburg. Davenports small Hungarian community, refugees from the revolution against Austria in the 1840s, generally lived in the German neighborhoods, as well.</p><br>
<p>Initially, the native-born citizens of Davenport resented the large numbers of Germans coming to the city and the influence they were asserting. They were also opposed to separate German societies, schools, cultural organizations, and events. Supporting the Temperance movement was one way opponents expressed anti-German sentiments. In 1855, the Know Nothing movement emerged with the goal of keeping local politics to native-born people. By the end of the Civil War, with the sons of both Germans and non-Germans dying for a common cause, there was a sense of acceptance even though the numbers of Germans coming into the city continued to increase.</p><br>
<p>Because of the size of Davenports German population, their customs dominated the citys economic, cultural, and political life. Many of those who were leaders in civic life lived in the Hamburg District. The lower income Germans tended to live below the hill and above the factories along the Mississippi River. Their neighborhoods are collectively known as the West End, although they were not all German, and included the West Third Street Historic District. Harrison Street is generally the dividing line between the Germans on the west and the non-Germans on the east side. German influence in Davenport started to wane in the early decades of the 20th century, especially with the onset of World War I. The war, coupled with the younger generation&#39;s lack of a distinct German identity, led to the decline of German influence.</p><br>
<p>Prominent Davenport citizens who lived in the Hamburg District included Henry Lischer, who published the influential German-language newspaper Der Demokrat; merchants August Steffen and his son August as well as F. Max D. Peterson, who was a partner in the J.H.C. Petersens Sons Store; brewers Henry Frahm and Henry Koehler; the Muellers who owned a large lumber mill; H.H. Andressen who founded the German Savings Bank, which was later renamed American Commercial and Savings Bank; politician and German-American leader Hans Reimer Clausen; grocer Charles Beiderbecke; and financier William H. Weise. All of the above-named men had roots in Schleswig-Holstein, they built significant houses in the Hamburg District, and many of their children married a son or daughter from one of the others families.</p><br>
<h2>Architecture</h2><br>
<p>The geographical location of the Hamburg District is a fairly steep bluff north of the downtown area. The sidewalk on Ripley Street is replaced by steps as it climbs the hill. The area has the largest concentration of historically significant houses in Davenport. As with other areas of the city, the simple Greek Revival style was the first to appear in Hamburg. These homes are generally at the base of the hill. The style is realized in cottages and the more popular two-story, 3-bay front gable homes. Other homes in the district include large Victorian homes in the Gothic Revival, Second Empire, Italianate, and the Queen Anne styles built in the 19th century. Many of these homes crown the bluff and offer vistas overlooking the river valley below. There are also examples of early 20th century Georgian Revival and American Craftsman homes. The historic district is rounded out by smaller and more simple late 19th and early 20th century homes and a few modern dwellings.</p><br>
<p>The Hamburg Historic District is largely a residential area today. Institutional architecture that existed has largely been torn down or converted to residential use. One such building on West Seventh Street was built for Iowa College, which moved from the area in the 1850s to the present College Square Historic District. The former German Methodist Episcopal Church remains on West Sixth Street, while Zion and Trinity Lutheran Churches built new buildings outside of the district in the mid-20th century. Many civic, cultural, religious, and commercial buildings that served the German citizens of the city were not built in the Hamburg District.</p><br>
<h2>Contributing Properties</h2><br>
<p>The following is a listing of the more historically and architecturally significant houses in the district by architectural style. One of the houses is individually listed on the National Register of Historic Places and five are listed on the Davenport Register of Historic Properties. The extant brick streets and allies in the district were added as contributing structures in 2017.</p><br>
<h3>Craftsman</h3><br>
<p>Deidrich J. Harfst House (1905) 424 W. 7th Street</p><br>
<p>William H. Korn House (c. 1915) 730 W. 8th Street</p><br>
<p>Charles E. Meier House (c. 1905) 519 W. Eighth Street</p><br>
<h3>Greek Revival</h3><br>
<p>716 W. 5th Street</p><br>
<p>Frank & John Bredow House (c. 1876; DRHP-listed) 822 Gaines Street</p><br>
<p>Goettsch House (c. 1850) 801 W. 6th Street</p><br>
<p>Christian Jipp Home & Grocery (1868; DRHP-listed) 730-732 Gaines Street</p><br>
<p>John G. & Angela Otten House (1864) 906 W. 5th Street</p><br>
<p>Emanuel Rothschild House (c. 1855) 714 W. 6th Street</p><br>
<p>Hans Stoltenberg House (c. 1870) 911 W. 7th Street</p><br>
<p>Frederick Wunder House (1858) 916 W. 9th Street</p><br>
<h3>Georgian Revival</h3><br>
<p>Henry Koehler House (1896) 817 W. 7th Street</p><br>
<p>Dr. Heinrich Matthey House (1900; DRHP-listed) 505 W. 6th Street</p><br>
<p>Christian Mueller House (c. 1910) 530 Ripley Street</p><br>
<p>August Steffen Jr. House ("Overview&quot 1901) 412 W. 6th Street</p><br>
<h3>Gothic Revival</h3><br>
<p>Charles Beiderbecke House (1881) 532 W. 7th Street</p><br>
<p>Henry Frahm House (c. 1880) 321 W. 6th Street</p><br>
<p>Francis Ochs House (c. 1870) 729 W. 6th Street</p><br>
<p>Henry Christian Struck House (1909) 615 Ripley Street</p><br>
<h3>Italianate</h3><br>
<p>Lambrite-Iles-Petersen House (1856; DRHP-listed) 510 W. 6th Street</p><br>
<p>Henry Lischer House (1871; DRHP-listed) 624 W. 6th Street</p><br>
<p>Petersen-Hanssen House (1878) 629 Brown Street</p><br>
<p>August Steffen Sr. House (c. 1865) 420 W. 6th Street</p><br>
<p>William J. Wiese House (c. 1895) 709 Brown Street</p><br>
<h3>McClelland</h3><br>
<p>A vernacular house type named for Thomas McClelland, a prolific builder/contractor in Davenport, who built a significant number of them.</p><br>
<p>John Bahls House (1864) 614 W. 5th Street</p><br>
<p>Peter Bindschaedel House (1870) 917 W. 8th Street</p><br>
<p>Frederick G. Clausen House (c. 1865) 630 W. 6th Street</p><br>
<p>Henry & Franciska Dohrman House (1868) 630 Warren Street</p><br>
<p>Gustav Hageboeck House (1870) 623 W. 6th Street</p><br>
<p>Friederich Hartmann House (1868) 604 W. 5th Street</p><br>
<p>Charles Hill House (c. 1875) 724 W. 8th Street</p><br>
<p>Lavinius W. Petersen House (c. 1865) 530 Western Avenue</p><br>
<h3>Mission Revival</h3><br>
<p>Louis P. and Clara K. Best Residence and Auto House (1910; NRHP-listed) 627 Ripley Street</p><br>
<h3>Queen Anne</h3><br>
<p>H.H. Andressen House (c. 1865, 1885) 726 W. 6th Street</p><br>
<p>Carl Beiderbecke House (c. 1890) 510 W. 7th Street</p><br>
<p>William Hahn - Edward Berger House (1895) 803 W. 7th Street</p><br>
<p>William Hoersch House (c. 1892) 402 W. 7th Street</p><br>
<p>Oscar C. Koehler House (c. 1895) 817 W. 7th Street</p><br>
<p>Claussen-Mueller House (c. 1900) 413 W. 6th Street</p><br>
<p>Edward C. Mueller House (c. 1895) 429 W. 6th Street</p><br>
<p>Louis Naeckle House (c. 1895) 703 Ripley Street</p><br>
<p>Herman Schmidt House (c. 1895) 525 W. 9th Street</p><br>
<p>George Schriebel House (c. 1855) 732 W. 5th Street</p><br>
<p>J.O. Seiffert House - A. J. Hirschel House (c. 1890) 532 W. 6th Street</p><br>
<p>J.C. Struck House (c. 1896) 703 Ripley Street</p><br>
<p>Hennings Witt House (1894) 604 Gaines Street</p><br>
<h3>Second Empire</h3><br>
<p>Henry Frahm House (c. 1880) 321 W. 6th Street</p><br>
<p>The Henry Kahl House is a historic building located on a bluff overlooking the West End of Davenport, Iowa, United States. What was a private residence was converted into a nursing home in 1955, and a senior apartment facility in 2016. The house was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1983.</p><br>
<h2>Henry Kahl</h2><br>
<p>Henry Kahl was born in a small cottage on the northwest side of Davenport. By the age of 12 or 13 he was driving a mule team between Davenport and nearby Coal Valley, Illinois. At 16 he started working for Davenport contractor P.T. Walsh and rose up through the ranks of the company that built railroads across the United States. Eventually he became vice president of the company and oversaw the work on the New York Central Railroad. The company was also known for the tunnel system it built for the Metropolitan Water District of Southern California, which moved water from the Colorado River to Southern California. Other projects included train stations in Buffalo, New York, Erie, Pennsylvania, South Bend, Indiana, a sewage disposal plant in Dayton, Ohio, and the Memorial Bridge in Wilmington, Delaware. By the age of 45 he was a partner in the construction firm and a self-made millionaire,</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>Henry Kahl had the house built for his family home in 1920. It was designed in the Spanish Colonial Revival style by Davenport architect Arthur Ebeling. In 1954 Bishop Ralph Hayes invited the Carmelite Sisters for the Aged and Infirm to the diocese and in 1955 they turned the house into a 25-bed, dormitory-style retirement home called the Kahl Home for the Aged and Infirm. Originally, the home housed only women. In 1963 they added a modern building and a chapel onto the main house. This made it possible to care for men as well. A 1987 addition brought the total number of beds to 135.</p><br>
<p>In October 2013 plans were announced to turn the facility into a 68 unit senior apartment building. The facility was bought by Gold Coast Housing LLC from the Carmelite System Inc. in February 2015. The renovation project began in March of the same year. The rooms on the main floor of the mansion will be renovated and used as public space. The study was converted into the manager&#39;s office. The lower-level houses one large apartment, while the second and third floors were converted into two apartments each. The third floor was originally a ballroom that had been converted into 20 bedrooms. The main staircase has also been restored. The 1963 addition has been renovated into 36 apartments, and the 1987 addition into five apartments. The renovation was completed in late 2016.</p><br>
<h2>Architecture</h2><br>
<p>The 3-story house is composed of cream-colored brick in a combination of the Spanish revival and Mission revival styles. It sits high on the bluff on spacious, terraced grounds. The house remains largely intact even though the east side has been modified somewhat to connect to the main nursing home building. There is a Porte-cochère on the north side of the house, and tall end chimneys with decorative concrete caps at several different locations. Other decorative elements on the houses exterior include Baroque ornamentation surrounding oval windows; a balustraded piazza; and superimposed loggia with columns distyle-in-antis. The entire structure is capped with multiple hipped roofs covered in red ceramic tiles.</p><br>
<p>Buffalo High School, also known as Independent School District #1 and Buffalo Elementary School, is an historic building located in Buffalo, Iowa, United States. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2005.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>Buffalo was the first settlement in Scott County to incorporate in 1836. The first school building in the town was constructed three years later. The first school located at Fourth and Washington Streets was built in 1850. Ten years later Buffalo voted to become an independent school district. Buffalo Township was divided into seven independent school districts. The district that served the town of Buffalo was Independent School District #1. In 1865 they built a two-story frame school building on Fourth Street. By 1894 the town had grown to 500 people and the school building had become overcrowded.</p><br>
<p>The school district hired Davenport architect Gustav Hanssen to design a new building. Plumbeck and Frandzen received the brick contract and likely used brick from the Davenport Paving Brick and Tile Company in Buffalo. Frank and Wrage did the carpentry work. The Knights of Pythias bought the old building and moved it to Third and Jefferson Streets. It remained standing into the 21st century. Opened in 1900 the new school building was a single-story, three-section, structure. It was capped with a hipped roof and had dormers for ventilation. The T-shaped building had a prominent gable-front entry vestibule and a belfry at the center. The building featured three classrooms, which was an increase from two in the previous building, and housed grades 1-8. Restrooms flanked the main entrance and a small office for the superintendent was located where the staircase is now situated. The school building was built for $5,000.</p><br>
<p>The school educated students in eight grades until 1927 when the ninth grade was added in preparation for the addition of high school classes. That same year Davenport architect Arthur Ebeling presented plans for the addition of a second story to the school building. A bond issue of $20,000 was passed in January of the following year, and J.H. Hunzinger was hired as the general contractor. The rooms on the new second floor aligned with those on the first floor. An office was located over the main entrance. The lower grades were housed on the first floor. Grades 1 and 2 were located in the west classroom, grades 3 and 4 in the north classroom, and grades 5 and 6 in the east classroom. The second floor housed the upper grades. Grades 7 and 8 were located in the west classroom and grades 9 to 12 were all taught in the east classroom. A science lab and other specialized classes were housed in the north classroom. The basement was also used for classroom space. Home economics was taught in the east room, and mechanical training in the west room. The boiler room was under the north classrooms as it was previously.</p><br>
<p>The first class to graduate from Buffalo High School was in 1931 with 12 students. The smallest graduating classes were in 1932 and 1935 with five students and the largest class was 15 in 1943. There was no graduating class in 1948 as the three students attended Davenport High School. The school colors were red and white until 1942 when they were changed to blue and gold.</p><br>
<p>By 1952 overcrowding was an issue again and a new school building was built on Dodge Street. It was dedicated on February 15, 1953, and the upper</p><br>
<p>grades were moved into the new building. A law was passed in Iowa in 1958 that required minimum high school standards. Buffalo decided to discontinue their high school program. Because the Davenport Community School District refused to take the Buffalo students, they were bused to Bettendorf High School. Another state law was passed in 1966 requiring contingent districts to accept students, so Buffalo became part of the Davenport school district and their students attended Central High School. The 1953 Buffalo school was used as an elementary and intermediate school. Some classes were still held in the old Buffalo High School building through the mid-1970s.</p><br>
<p>In 1976 the city of Buffalo bought the old high school building from the Davenport school district. They used it as a community center to house various offices and organizations, including the town&#39;s library. Davenport schools built a new school on the north edge of town in 2002. Many of the community offices moved from the old high school building to the 1953 building, which left the old building vacant. In 2004 it was sold to Thomas and Maria Caudle for $49,500. They converted it into a home. Developers Jesse Hammes and Tom Swanwick bought the building in 2010 with plans to convert the structure into a four condo complex. Eventually, Winsor Consulting of Davenport acquired the building and extensively renovated it for their offices.</p><br>
<p>The USA Post Office-Ansonia Main, also known as the Ansonia Main Post Office, is located at 237 Main Street in Ansonia, Connecticut. Designed by Oscar Wenderoth and completed in 1914, it is one of the more architecturally sophisticated buildings in Ansonia&#39;s central business district. The building was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1985.</p><br>
<h2>Description and history</h2><br>
<p>The Ansonia Main Post Office is located on the east side of Main Street in downtown Ansonia, between Bridge Street and Kingston Drive. It is a single story steel and masonry structure, finished in limestone. Its front facade is smooth limestone with a recessed center entrance area supported by four Ionic columns set in antes. It is covered by a low hip roof, which is obscured by a balustrade set above a dentillated cornice. The interior lobby space is finished in white terrazzo marble and plaster, with original wooden trim. A buff brick addition extends to the rear, providing modern amenities including a loading dock.</p><br>
<p>The building was completed in 1914 to a design by Oscar Wenderoth, then the Office of the Supervising Architect for the USA Treasury. He designed it in 1913, a year in which his office produced 40 designs. It is a good example of restrained Classical Revival architecture, and one of the city&#39;s architecturally finer buildings.</p><br>
<p>The Bridgeport Main Post Office is located at 120 Middle Street in Bridgeport, Connecticut. It is a three-story Moderne/Art Deco, designed by Louis A. Simon, the supervising architect of the United States Treasury Department, and completed in 1934. The building notably includes artwork funded by the department&#39;s Section of Painting and Sculpture, with murals in its lobby area drawn by R. L. Lambden depicting mail delivery through the ages.</p><br>
<p>The building was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1986.</p><br>
<p>The USA Post Office, Courthouse, and Customhouse, also known as Main Post Office and the Wilmington Trust Headquarters, is a historic post office, courthouse, and custom house, located on Rodney Square in Wilmington, New Castle County, Delaware. It was designed by Irwin & Leighton in 1933–1935, and building was completed in 1937. It is in the Classical Revival. It is a three-story, cut stone structure with six large stone pillars across the main entrance. the gross building area is 104,669 sq. ft.</p><br>
<p>It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1979. A modern Wilmington Trust office building now emerges from the facade.</p><br>
<p>The Kenton Post Office is a historic post office building on Maine Street in Kenton, Delaware. It is a two-story Italianate building that was built in 1881 by Francis Greenwell. It was leased out by Greenwell as a store, with a residence above, until the early 20th century when the post office took over the space.</p><br>
<p>The building was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1983.</p><br>
<h2>Boundary Description</h2><br>
<p>The building is located on the west side of Main Street, south of Commerce Street in the town of Kenton. It is known as parcel No. 33 on Kenton Hundred tax map 44.08.01. The nominated property includes the entire plot of land of 8512 square feet or 0.195 acres.</p><br>
<h2>Description</h2><br>
<p>The Kenton Post Office, constructed in 1881, initially served as a combination of a frame store and a dwelling. This two-story building features a narrow design with three bays and a center hall. It was built in the Italianate architectural style and has retained much of its original appearance throughout the years, with only one notable alteration: the replacement of the original one-bay entrance porch with a full facade pent eave.</p><br>
<p>The Post Office still showcases its distinctive roof brackets, 2-over-2 windows, and corner boards, which include a rather rustic attempt at cornice moldings at the top. The projecting bay window on the front facade remains in its original form.</p><br>
<p>In contrast, the two-story rear wing is simpler in design compared to the main block. Both the main block and the rear wing have brick foundations. The roof of the building has a subtle pitch, and while the cornice in the rear wing includes a frieze, it lacks the decorative brackets seen on the main block. Both sections of the building are topped with standing seam tin roofs.</p><br>
<p>The only additional structure on the property is a small balloon frame storage shed located toward the rear lot line.</p><br>
<h2>Historical Background</h2><br>
<p>As previously noted, the construction of the Kenton Post Office dates back to 1881 and was overseen by Francis Greenwell. In 1881, James Williams formally transferred the title of the property to Francis Greenwell, with the explicit stipulation that the expenses associated with building the structure were to be borne by Greenwell. Evidently, Greenwell embarked on the construction of the store while simultaneously establishing his claim to the land.</p><br>
<p>Originally, the building served as a small store, which Greenwell leased to shopkeepers. He also owned the adjacent properties on either side of the shop. Interestingly, it wasn&#39;t until the early of this century that the Post Office was relocated to this building. To this day, the upper floor continues to be used as a residence.</p><br>
<h2>Significance</h2><br>
<p>At present, the Kenton Post Office serves as the focal point of the town, necessitating regular visits from its residents. More significantly, it stands as a poignant reminder of the economic prosperity that sustained Kenton from the aftermath of the Civil War through the close of the 19th century. Distinguished by its modest proportions and the incorporation of Italianate architectural elements, it stands alone as the towns sole commercial building of its kind. In light of these distinct features, it is being nominated under Criterion C for its exemplary use of the Italianate style and under Criterion A for its historical connection to Kentons once-thriving commercial sector.</p><br>
<p>The former Church of the Holy Innocents, later known as Church of the Nativity of our Virgin Lady, was originally an Episcopal church located on North Pearl Street  in Albany, New York, United States. It and an adjacent chapel were built in the mid-19th century in an early Gothic Revival style designed by Frank Wills. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1978.</p><br>
<p>A small garden surrounding the church and chapel gives it the feel of an English country parish church despite its urban surroundings. Its interior has several stained glass windows designed by John Bolton, brother of William Jay Bolton. A century after its construction the Episcopal congregation moved to a newer church and sold it to a Russian Orthodox church, which renamed it and added an onion dome. They have subsequently moved out and the building remains vacant.</p><br>
<h2>Building</h2><br>
<p>The church and chapel complex is located at the southeast corner of the intersection of North Pearl and Colonie Street, roughly one half-mile (1 km) north of downtown Albany and a few blocks east of the Arbor Hill neighborhood. It is located at the point where the terrain, flat all the way to the Hudson River one-quarter mile (500 m) away, starts rising to the west, creating a dropoff at the east end of the property. The surrounding neighborhood is mostly residential, showing the varied effects of past urban renewal programs.</p><br>
<p>Across Colonie, to the north, is a large vacant lot and the tracks of Amtrak&#39;s Empire Corridor, which runs between New York City and Niagara Falls. To the south are some other older commercial and residential buildings. A pair of modern high-rise apartment buildings, with a complex of small, newer ones to their north, are across North Pearl to the west.</p><br>
<p>Some other properties listed on the Register are nearby. The small Broadway–Livingston Avenue Historic District, is to the east and southeast, with the Broadway Row a block to the south of it. A block to the southwest is the northern end of the Arbor Hill Historic District–Ten Broeck Triangle and one of its contributing properties, Ten Broeck Mansion.</p><br>
<p>The church and chapel are connected by a small hyphen. Both buildings are T-shaped -story structures built of coursed rubble masonry. They are trimmed in Portland stone and topped by steeply pitched slate covered gable roofs. The main church building is currently covered with ivy, obscuring the view of most of its decorative features. At the top of the front is a green onion dome topped with an Orthodox cross.</p><br>
<p>Underneath that vegetation on the west (front) facade are heavy corner buttresses, an arched central entrance, four lancet windows on the second story and a single triangular window in the gable. The nave is five bays long, with an additional entrance at the northeast. A smaller projecting gable on the east with two small shed-roofed wings is the chancel.</p><br>
<p>Inside the church&#39;s decor is restrained. Wooden wainscoting runs along the lower portion of the walls. Above there is a small wooden gallery and a beamed ceiling. The original pews have been removed and chairs line the sides. Screens and icons block the view of the altar. A modern counter is next to the entrance. The stained glass and grisaille windows remain.</p><br>
<p>The chapel is a similar, smaller building. The dropoff in the terrain exposes its brick basement in the rear. The wall above it is also brick. Inside, it too has partitions, screens and icons, but it has been extensively renovated. The floor is linoleum and the ceiling has had skylights added.</p><br>
<p>On May 4, 2015, a section of the church collapsed. In December 2016 a developer purchased the church, saving it from possible demolition. The developer reportedly planned to stabilize the structure and eventually open it as a community center or restaurant. In 2019, as no renovations appeared to have taken place, the Historic Albany Foundation placed it on their “Dirty Dozen” list of Albany’s most endangered historic structures.</p><br>
<p>The Chester Town Hall is a historic governmental building and community meeting place in the village of Chesterville, Ohio, United States. Built in the 1860s by the village and a fraternal society, it has served as home for both entities throughout its history, as well as providing space for Chester Township officials and community gatherings. Along with numerous other buildings in the village, it has been named a historic site.</p><br>
<h2>Community history</h2><br>
<p>The vicinity of Chesterville was one of the first-settled parts of Knox County, as pioneers began arriving soon after 1803, and Chester Township was created in 1812, but the advance of civilization was slow; only after the conclusion of the War of 1812 did the area begin to prosper. Merchant Enos Miles, who moved to the township in 1815, platted the village of Chester in 1830. During its first decades, the village prospered; multiple schools were established, and numerous grand Greek Revival buildings lined the streets, but Chesterville lost to Mount Gilead in its attempt to be named the county seat when Morrow County was established in the 1850s, and Chesterville withered as the Cleveland, Columbus, Cincinnati and Indianapolis Railway built through Mount Gilead. The village was incorporated in 1860.</p><br>
<h2>Building history</h2><br>
<p>Among the community organizations active in Chesterville was Lodge 204 of the Independent Order of Odd Fellows, organized in 1852. Prosperous within a few years of its establishment, the lodge soon owned its own hall, and in 1867 the members joined with the village and helped to construct the town hall, the upper story of which the lodge constructed at a cost of $1,200. Besides serving as a place for village officials to meet, the hall served as a community center; in 1880, the residents debated adding a stage and scenery, using money obtained from railroad taxes, and it ended up serving as a music performance venue for part of its history. In later years, the building also became home to Chester Township officials.</p><br>
<h2>Architecture</h2><br>
<p>Built on a foundation of sandstone, the Town Hall is a weatherboarded structure with a metal roof pierced by a single chimney. Two and a half stories tall, the narrow facade and rear rise to gables, while the sides are substantially longer than the ends. Fourteen side windows are present in seven bays, while the facade features six sash windows in three bays: a small window in the gable, one in each second-story bay, and one in each end bay on the first story, while the double doors of the main entrance occupy the middle of the first story. Shutters are provided for the windows in the first story of the facade.</p><br>
<h2>Preservation</h2><br>
<p>During the 1970s, a community group known as Chester Community Concerns was formed to encourage preservation of the villages historic architecture. In 1978, the group sponsored a project to record the villages historic buildings with the Ohio Historic Inventory, a historic preservation survey, with the goal of nominating the most important historic properties for inclusion on the National Register of Historic Places. Using the multiple property submission process, nine Chesterville buildings were added to the Register in August 1979: the town hall, the Methodist Church, the Jarvis and Enos Miles Houses on Portland Street, the Old Union School, the post office and the A.B. Sears House on Sandusky Street, and the Old Bartlett and Goble Store and an unnamed commercial building at the village&#39;s main intersection. The town hall qualified both because of its well-preserved historic architecture and because of its place in local history.</p><br>
<p>Cherry Hill is a historic house located on South Pearl Street  in Albany, New York, United States. It is a timber frame structure dating to the late 18th century. In 1971 it was listed on the National Register of Historic Places, one of the first properties in the city to receive that designation.</p><br>
<p>It was built by Colonel Philip Kiliaen van Rensselaer for his bride Maria Sanders, granddaughter of Peter Schuyler. During the early 19th century, it was the home of Solomon van Rensselaer, who served in Congress and several local governmental positions. It eventually became the manor house of a large farm. Within several years during the 1820s it was both accommodations for the Marquis de Lafayette on his return visit to the USA</p><br>
<p>Van Rensselaer&#39;s descendants lived there for nearly two centuries, preserving intact not only the original interior finishes but also its furniture, portraits, kitchenware and family documents. Since their tenure, it has been operated as a historic house museum by the Historic Cherry Hill Association. It is currently undergoing an extensive restoration since the building was in danger of collapsing under the weight of its stored collections.</p><br>
<h2>Building and grounds</h2><br>
<p>The house is located in southern Albany, on the west side of South Pearl between McCarty and First avenues, just north and west of Interstate 787. It sits on a slight rise giving it a view of the Hudson River and the facilities of the Port of Albany–Rensselaer a half-mile (800 m) east. Second Avenue, the south boundary of the South End–Groesbeckville Historic District, is a block to the north.</p><br>
<p>Along both McCarty and First are detached two- and three-story 19th-century rowhouses. A more modern structure is located along Cherry Hill Street at the opposite corner of the block. Otherwise the land is undeveloped and wooded. The next block north has small, industrial buildings; larger facilities such as tank farms are located across I-787 and the railroad tracks east of the highway.</p><br>
<p>A driveway leads up to the house from South Pearl, a short distance south of the onramp to I-787 across the street. It leads uphill to the house, a two-and-a-half-story, five-by-four-bay rectangular frame dwelling on a stone foundation with clapboard siding.</p><br>
<p>Fenestration consists of six-over-six double-hung sash windows with plain wide wooden surrounds. The main entrance is flanked by additional six-over-six double-hung sash as sidelights. At the attic level on the east and west faces are two additional windows.</p><br>
<p>A small molded cornice marks the roofline. Above it is a gambrel roof shingled in asphalt. It is pierced on either side near the ends by two gabled dormer windows. At the crest are two brick chimneys with corbeled caps.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>In 1768, at the age of 21, Philip Kiliaen van Rensselaer married Maria Sanders, the daughter of another prominent Albany family. At the time the city was still small, largely limited to the area of the current downtown, from which the stockade had only recently been removed. From the family home on South Pearl Street, he continued the familys mercantile business, selling imports from the West Indies and buying local forest and farm products to ship down the Hudson via the sloops that carried much of the eras trade in the region.</p><br>
<p>During this time, he began building a farmstead on family land located south of what was, at the time, the city limits. In the Revolutionary War he served on the local Committee of Correspondence, and later serving as a civilian liaison on the supply chain. By the end of the war Phillip Schuyler, who had his own large farm and house south of the city, trusted him to command ten men and oversee the storage of ordnance.</p><br>
<p>In 1787, with the war behind him and independence achieved, van Rensselaer hired local carpenter Isaac Packard to replace the older, existing house on the farm, which he now called Cherry Hill, with the current structure. The house combined a Georgian body with a gambrel roof, commonly found on the Dutch Colonial houses van Rensselaers ancestors (and indeed many of Albanys earlier settlers) had built. The family and its many children moved in later that year.</p><br>
<p>van Rensselaer kept building up the farm, and by 1790 it was almost a thousand acres (400 ha). That year&#39;s census reports that he had established a tannery and brewery on the property. In 1794 he was elected the first supervisor of the newly created Town of Bethlehem.</p><br>
<p>Four years later he died three months after filing his will. It provided generously for his family, and his wife and children continued to live at Cherry Hill until her death in 1824. One of his sons, Solomon Van Rensselaer, followed his father into public service. In addition to service in the USA House of Representatives, he was also Albanys postmaster and the states adjutant general. In 1824 he hosted the Marquis de Lafayette at Cherry Hill on the Revolutionary War hero&#39;s return tour of the United States.</p><br>
<p>Three years later, the house would be the scene of a more ignominious event, the Cherry Hill murder. Among the 17 people living there in 1827 was John Whipple, a prosperous businessman who had married into the van Rensselaer family. His wife, Elsie Lansing, became romantically involved with Jesse Strang, a drifter who had left his own wife and children in Putnam County and was living under an assumed name as one of the servants in the house. They plotted together to murder Whipple. Stang was caught and confessed in full, believing that Albanys establishment would balk at hanging Elsie and thus spare him the same fate. However, while he was convicted and sentenced to death, she was acquitted. His execution was the last public hanging in the citys history.</p><br>
<p>That class hegemony, which the van Rensselaers had stood atop since Dutch colonial times, was already under threat at that point. With most of the family lands, its original source of wealth, being subdivided and sold, and the semi-feudal patroonship system of land ownership under legal threat, without anything to replace it the family fortune was already in trouble. Over the next several decades the rise of industrialization brought on by the Erie Canal and the development of the railroads fed vast fortunes which dwarfed the van Rensselaers, and brought immigrants to the city, diluting their political power and fueling its steady growth. Development began to encroach southward onto the familys ancestral lands. By 1872 the area around Cherry Hill could no longer be considered rural, and that year Albany formally annexed it into the city. The two dormers were added to the roof sometime between 1850 and 1880.</p><br>
<p>Through the late 19th and early 20th century Cherry Hill was the property of Catherine Putman Rankin, a cousin of the van Rensselaers. Industry, and worker housing, was within a short distance of the house. Rankin, and later her daughter Emily, devoted their time to preserving what was left.</p><br>
<p>In 1963, Emily died and specified in her will that the house was to become a museum. Five years later, that became a reality, and in 1971 it was among the first group of properties listed on the National Register of Historic Places in the city after the Schuyler Mansion. Its collection includes 20,000 objects—all the house&#39;s original furnishings, tableware—and 30,000 historic documents from the van Rensselaer family archives. Some of the items, such as original 18th-century rugs, have been loaned to other museums like the Metropolitan Museum of Art.</p><br>
<p>By the 21st century, that collection, mostly stored in the attic, was putting such a strain on the houses structural system that it had to be moved before the building collapsed from the weight. In 2009, Cherry Hill closed to visitors and began a four-phase, $3.2 million restoration funded by various public and private grants. Currently, various sections of the houses exterior and structure are being removed and carefully restored. The Historic Cherry Hill Association, which maintains the site, is offering behind-the-scenes tours of the work and other activities and programs in the interim.</p><br>
<p>The Walter Merchant House, on Washington Avenue  in Albany, New York, United States, is a brick-and-stone townhouse in the Italianate architectural style, with some Renaissance Revival elements. Built in the mid-19th century, it was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2002.</p><br>
<p>At the time of its construction it was surrounded by many similar houses, but it is now one of the rare remaining examples in the city of a townhouse with a surviving rear carriage house. It is one of the only remaining originally residential buildings on that section of Washington, currently used as the main offices of the New York chapter of the National Association of Social Workers.</p><br>
<h2>Buildings and grounds</h2><br>
<p>The house is on the south side of Washington between Lark (USA Route 9W) and Dove streets, two blocks west of the tall Alfred E. Smith State Office Building and the New York State Capitol, a National Historic Landmark. It is surrounded by larger commercial and institutional buildings, some more modern, in its densely developed urban neighborhood. The largest building in the vicinity, the Washington Avenue Armory, also on the Register, is across the street to the north, next to a branch of the city library. At Washington and Dove are two other listed properties, the University Club of Albany building and the former Harmanus Bleecker Library. A large parking garage is on the west; smaller commercial buildings line Washington to the east. To the south, the buildings on Spring Street are part of the large Center Square/Hudson–Park Historic District.</p><br>
<h3>Exterior</h3><br>
<p>A finely detailed cast iron fence and gate, a contributing object to the houses historic character, sets off the sidewalk from the buildings shallow front lawn. From the gate a balustraded brownstone stoop rises to the main entrance of the two-story five-bay structure with raised basement. It is made of brick laid in common bond with a brownstone facade on the north (front) side and topped by a gently pitched gabled roof. Two brick chimneys with recessed panels pierce it near either end.</p><br>
<p>On the basement level the brownstone blocks are rusticated with beveled edges. This treatment is continued in the quoins at the corners. All the other blocks in the facade are smooth and flush.</p><br>
<p>All the basement windows are one-over-one double-hung sash in segmental-arched openings. Above them the similar first-story windows have an additional segmental-arched lintel as well along with a small sill. In the center is the main entrance, recessed in another segmental arch. It has a carved stone cornice on brackets with rinceau and bead decorative patterns.</p><br>
<p>Above it the second-story windows are one-over-one with a flat top. They, too, have flat stone sills and decorative lintels. At the roofline is an elaborate bracketed and modillioned overhanging cornice.</p><br>
<p>The cornice continues along the east and west sides of the house. It has four narrow windows at the basement level, a stained-glass oval window depicting the Merchant family crest in the first story, a single central window on the second story and an arched one at the attic level. At the southwest corner is a small wood-frame addition. The east side has a larger addition, a single story office wing. There is a single window on each of the upper two stories. The south facade has many different additions, some of which are enclosed porches.</p><br>
<h3>Interior</h3><br>
<p>Two arched wooden doors with glazed panels open into a vestibule with panelled walls and a tiled floor. A second set of doors open into the central hall of the double-pile plan interior. It is dominated by the main staircase, finely crafted with a carved newel and balustrade. The plaster ceiling has a cornice.</p><br>
<p>To the east are two large parlors, both also with cornices on their plaster ceilings, wooden architraves and large marble mantelpieces. The original wooden shutters are still on the windows. Doors and moldings are painted to match the plaster.</p><br>
<p>The rooms to the west are decorated very differently, with dark stained wainscoting going midway up the walls. Their fireplaces have wooden mantels, tilework and wooden overmantels. Intersecting polished dark wooden beams and panels create a coffered ceiling. In the rear the windows have several stained glass panels. South of the main hall is a kitchen that has been expanded through the enclosure of some of the original porches.</p><br>
<p>Upstairs the rooms echo the first-floor layout. Each side has two large chambers connected by a small dressing room, each with closet and a small sink. Other than a fireplace with marble surround, the rooms are generally plainer than their downstairs counterparts, but the northwest chamber has an elaborate ceiling cornice. A small chamber is at the north end of the central hall with a larger bathroom with modern fixtures at the south end. The basement was extensively remodeled in the early 20th century, and no original features remain there.</p><br>
<h3>Carriage house</h3><br>
<p>A yard, now mostly filled by a parking lot, separates the house from the carriage house, a two-story seven-bay brick building that fronts on Spring Street. The north (rear) facade, which faces the rear of the house, has irregular fenestration with a variety of double-hung sash window patterns, from six-over-six to one-over-one. Its main feature is an enclosed porch on the second story.</p><br>
<p>The south facade appears to have been modified at some time since its construction along Queen Anne-Colonial Revival lines. Its brick is red with mortar joints. Along the street are six garage doors interrupted by the main door in the fourth bay. The second story has two bay windows. Both they and the other windows are set with six-over-one double-hung sash.</p><br>
<p>On the inside, a main hall divides the garage bays into three on each side. They are open and unpartitioned. Portions of the original steam heating system remain. Upstairs there are many small rooms connected by narrow hallways. All are done with polished oak. Some have built-in cabinets with glazed doors.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>In the 1860s, when Merchant acquired the first of two parcels he would combine to build the house on, Albany was feeling the effects of the rapid growth brought on by the completion of the Erie Canal four decades earlier. Its population had increased almost sixfold. Most new inhabitants were immigrants, who settled in the old Dutch colonial core of the city and then spilled over from it to the south, into neighborhoods like the Pastures, Mansion District and South End.</p><br>
<p>Some of those made wealthy by this prosperity began settling to the west of this area, on the higher ground where their houses could overlook the city and the Hudson River. The first major house in the Merchants&#39; future neighborhood was the Samuel Hill mansion, today home to the Fort Orange Club, built around 1810. By the 1830s more large houses would be built opposite and rowhouses owned by the affluent lined many of the streets in the neighborhood.</p><br>
<p>Merchant owned the rowhouse at 186 Washington as of the Civil War. Afterwards he bought the neighboring lot and demolished both houses. The house he built exemplifies in its basic rectangular form, minor classical details and low pitched roof the kind of Italianate urban house in style during that period, the height of the style. More specific Italianate features are the five-bay plan, entrance detailing and decorative cornice. The tightly fit brownstone blocks on the front show the influence of the rising Renaissance Revival style.</p><br>
<p>It is believed that the carriage house was built at the same time. Sometime around 1900, its south facade was remodeled in the contemporary Queen Anne style, with hints of the emerging Colonial Revival mode. At the same time renovations were made to the interior of the house, in particular the basement. At the end of the 20th century, the social workers&#39; association acquired the house and remodeled it to serve as their state headquarters.</p><br>
<p>The Stephen and Harriet Myers Residence is located on Livingston Avenue in Albany, New York, United States. It is a Greek Revival townhouse built in the mid-19th century. In 2004, it was listed on the National Register of Historic Places. It is also listed on the New York State Underground Railroad Heritage Trail and is a site on the National Park Service&#39;s National Network to Freedom.</p><br>
<p>Stephen Myers, himself freed from slavery in his youth, served for a time as chairman of the Vigilance Committee of Albany, which met in the house built and owned by an African American boat captain who was his brother-in-law. Stephen and his wife Harriet actively assisted others escaping from slavery for nearly 30 years; he also edited some abolitionist newspapers and spoke with Frederick Douglass at anti-slavery events.</p><br>
<p>The house was later saved from demolition during urban renewal in the 1970s. It is being restored by the Underground Railroad Education Center, a community-based historical society, with public and private funds.</p><br>
<h2>Building</h2><br>
<p>The house is located on the south side of Livingston, midway between North Swan and Lark streets, in Albany&#39;s Arbor Hill neighborhood north of its downtown areas. It is one of the few brick buildings on that side of the street, in the middle of a group of older timber frame commercial and residential buildings. There are some vacant lots between the newer frame houses on either end of the block built during urban renewal. All are on narrow lots with tall shade trees in the rear. The terrain slopes eastward toward the Hudson River; to the west it levels out.</p><br>
<p>North Swan, to the east, is the boundary of the Arbor Hill Historic District – Ten Broeck Triangle, also listed on the Register. On that block is Ten Broeck Mansion, a contributing property to that district and listed on the Register individually. Two parks, Wilkie Playground and Arbor Hill Park, are in the blocks to the north.</p><br>
<h3>Exterior</h3><br>
<p>The building itself is a -story, three-bay structure of brick laid in stretcher bond on an exposed basement. A set of wooden steps lead up to the main entrance, on the western bay. A more modern frame house is abuts on the east. There are no windows on either of the gabled sides.</p><br>
<p>Trim, from the water table to the lintels and sills, is of sandstone. All of the latter are plain and rectangular except for the triangular main entrance lintel. Both first floor windows have original six-over-six double-hung sash. Upstairs, only the western window does; the other two have one-over-one but will ultimately be restored to six-over-six. There are two other one-over-one windows in the basement, and rectangular casement eyebrow windows in the frieze below the attic cornice. As part of the restoration process all of the older features are expected to be restored.</p><br>
<h3>Interior</h3><br>
<p>The main entrance, at the top of the steps, is slightly recessed. There is a handmade oak door situated at the front entrance.</p><br>
<p>Below the steps is the basement entrance which opens into a long side hallway. In the front, it gives entrance to a large room that served as the dining room during the 19th century. Most of the interior finishings have deteriorated, but the original wainscoting and a wooden mantelpiece with shelf supported by pilasters. In the rear, the former kitchen has a heating furnace that was installed in 2015. The entire wall between it and the hall has been taken down and the building shored up since part of it had collapsed.</p><br>
<p>The stairs begin midway through the hall and convey to the first floor. Both the newel post and balustrade are not present. The stairs make 180-degree turns, with the stairwell windows slightly dropped from the other two windows on the corresponding story. On the walls of the staircase is a mural with a timeline containing over 100 events that document African American history beginning with the New York Conspiracy of 1741.</p><br>
<p>The first floor has a similar plan but with higher ceilings in the parlors. Both also have plaster cornices; medallions seem to be missing but remain in the stair hall. Chimney breasts in both rooms have been stripped of their original plaster. The window surrounds, paneling beneath the windows and flooring are all original.</p><br>
<p>The second floor has a similar layout to the first. A small room is at the front end of the hallway above the entrance. The bedrooms have their original wooden trim, but no mantelpieces. On either side of the chimney breast in the rear are small closets.</p><br>
<p>A secondary hall corresponding to the roof ridge divides the two sections of the third floor. The front area is further subdivided into a large and small room. Much of the original wooden trim exists amid the reproduction doors.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>The history of the house is most noted in reference to the story of Stephen Myers. He did not own it, but was its second and most famous resident.</p><br>
<h3>1800–1846: Early life</h3><br>
<p>Stephen Myers was born into slavery around 1800 outside the Rensselaer County hamlet of Hoosick, northeast of Albany. He is listed in some records as having been set free by General Warren, but this appears to be a misidentification. A search of records suggests the actual identity is Colonel Warren who headed American forces at the Raid at Black Rock. No records of the manumission have been found in Albany County archives.</p><br>
<p>Over the next decade, he worked in a variety of positions, including grocer and steamboat steward. In 1827, he married Harriet Johnson in Troy, a short distance north of Albany on the opposite side of the river. The couple eventually had four children.</p><br>
<p>According to his later testimony, he began assisting escapees from slavery four years later. He was also active in the African American community that had been established in Albany from 1813 on. Many of its members had settled in Arbor Hill, often living in racially integrated working-class neighborhoods.</p><br>
<p>Myers advocated for work and education opportunities within the African American community, raising money for those causes personally. Among his supporters were John Clarkson Jay, grandson of John Jay, an early governor of New York and first Chief Justice of the United States. A later historian claims Myers helped found an African-American school in the city, at what is now Israel African Methodist Episcopal Church on Hamilton Street. Myers was the first superintendent of the school at the African Methodist Episcopal Church. He fought successfully to establish clearer voting rights for African Americans, starting the Albany Suffrage Club and serving as president of the New York State Suffrage Association, personally lobbying state legislators. He also vocally opposed the use of public funds to buy land in Africa and repatriate slaves there.</p><br>
<p>His first venture into newspaper publishing, The Elevator, took place briefly during this period. Later in the decade Myers became involved with the Northern Star Association, which assisted escaping slaves and published a newspaper, The Northern Star and Freemens Advocate. Its articles and editorials, many written by Myers, argued against slavery and for temperance and African American self-help, education and employment. The association was initially a rival to Albanys older Vigilance Committee, whose membership was drawn from a wider base, including the city&#39;s more established African American families and many religious denominations that vocally opposed slavery. The Vigilance Committee also published a newspaper called the Tocsin of Liberty.</p><br>
<p>The two organizations, through their newspapers, criticized each other for not doing an effective job of assisting those escaping from slavery, and freedmen in the Albany area who already had. At one point, shortly after the association had been founded, the Tocsin accused Myers of pocketing money meant for the committee. In fact, he had only accepted the money on behalf of the association, since it was for whom the money was intended rather than the committee.</p><br>
<p>In the mid-1840s the animosity between the two cooled following the deaths of two prominent clergymen in the Vigilance Committee, both in martyrdom to the cause. Abel Brown, a Baptist minister, contracted fatal pneumonia on a trip to Western New York where he was preaching against slavery. The other, Charles Torrey, who had been one of Myers&#39; chief accusers, was arrested in Maryland for assisting escaped slaves and died in prison there two years later. Back in Albany, the two groups effectively merged and Stephen Myers became chair of the enlarged Vigilance Committee.</p><br>
<p>From the new position, Myers became prominent in the abolition movement beyond Albany. He not only continued publishing The Northern Star, but appeared at anti-slavery events and conferences in the region, sometimes sharing the podium with Frederick Douglass, who in later life cited him specifically as key to the Underground Railroad. From the Myers&#39; house, fugitives were sent along to the west, eventually to cross into Canada and freedom.</p><br>
<h3>1847: Construction of house</h3><br>
<p>In 1847 John Johnson, an African American who captained a sloop named Miriam (according to Munsell&#39;s historical Annals of Albany ) in the slips near the base of Livingston Avenue, then called Lumber Street due to the large homes of the many lumber company executives built near the slips, built the house at what was then number 198. The neighborhood at the time was predominantly working class, with many residents working on the boats or slips for the executives down the hill. City directories of the era show an Abram Johnson living nearby; According to the 1855 Census, John was his son and Harriet, who married Stephen Myers, his daughter.</p><br>
<p>John Johnson owned the house; it is not known under what arrangement Stephen Myers and his family lived there. No architect is known; it seems to have been a standard Albany rowhouse of the mid-19th century. It is distinguished as an Albany townhouse from otherwise similar structures in Troy by its rear stairwell with its 180-degree turns and dropped windows. Johnson and his builders seem to have followed the plan strictly, leaving the sides windowless even though there was little likelihood that an attached structure would later be built next door since there was already a house in the rear that needed street access.</p><br>
<h3>1848–1870s: Later life</h3><br>
<p>Two years after moving into the new house, in 1849, Myers merged The Northern Star with another upstate abolitionist newspaper, The True American, published by Samuel Ringgold Ward in Cortland. The combined paper, published from Syracuse, was called The Impartial Citizen. It lasted only another two years before going bankrupt.</p><br>
<p>The 1850s were difficult times for anti-slavery activists, particularly those involved in running the Underground Railroad, due to the passage of a tougher Fugitive Slave Act which required law enforcement in all states to assist in the recapture of those escaping from slavery, and increased penalties against those who assisted escapees. Myers started another newspaper, The Telegraph and Journal, but closed it again in 1855, imploring subscribers in its last issue to subscribe instead to Douglass&#39;s newspaper to further the cause.</p><br>
<p>In 1850, Myers had been elected to the executive committee of the American League of Colored Laborers, part of his continuing activism beyond abolition. Two years later he stepped down as chair of the Vigilance Committee, but continued his efforts for the Underground Railroad. In early 1856 the Vigilance Committee passed a resolution honoring him for having assisted 287 fugitives in less than a year. A later historian of African American abolitionists wrote that Myers&#39; house "had the reputation of being the best-run part of the Underground Railroad in the state."</p><br>
<p>Paul Stewart, a historian who has worked on the restoration of the house, says the Myerses were very open about what they were doing and hospitable to the fugitives who passed through. "When you say Underground Railroad, you think of a lot of secrecy and people hiding in corners... But the closer you look at things, the more you learn. They entertained people at their dinner table. They probably had them sleeping in the upstairs bedroom. It&#39;s not like they were hiding them in the basement." Myers sent many of them on to stations at Syracuse or Oswego. Some went directly north, the shorter route to Canada, usually via steamboats along Lake Champlain.</p><br>
<p>Without the newspapers, Myers had to find other employment. In August 1860 he was working as a butler in Lake George. Back in Albany, Harriet kept the station running. She wrote to William Jay that she assisted ten fugitives that month. At the end of the year, Stephen told Jay that he had received more in the preceding two months than any period of four months since he had started his Underground Railroad work.</p><br>
<p>This was due to the imminent start of the American Civil War. As the cause he had fought for all his adult life became the focus of armed conflict, Myers remained active. He organized local celebrations of the Emancipation Proclamation in 1863, and personally recruited soldiers for the 54th Regiment Massachusetts Volunteer Infantry and other black units raised by that state.</p><br>
<p>After the Union victory in 1865, Harriet Myers died. Her obituary notes her service in assisting those escaping from slavery, and the support she provided her husband in running his newspapers. Five years later, Stephen died. The Albany Evening Times reported that he had most recently been working as a janitor for former Union Army general Patrick Henry Jones, then serving as New York City&#39;s postmaster. " did more for his people than any other colored man living, not excepting Fred Douglass," the paper claimed. His is buried in Albany Rural Cemetery Albany Rural Cemetery, a common final resting place for city residents of the era.</p><br>
<h3>1871–present: Decline and restoration</h3><br>
<p>After the Myers family, the house passed through a succession of other owners. By the middle of the 20th century, it was unoccupied and was showing signs of urban decay. Many of the surrounding houses from the previous century in the Arbor Hill neighborhood were demolished based on a 1962 urban renewal plan. The Myers house, along with some of the older houses near it, was spared.</p><br>
<p>The neglect continued, however, and by the 21st century the house had become county property through tax foreclosure. Local historian Paul Stewart and his wife, Mary Liz, after researching Myers and his work, formed the Underground Railroad History Project of the Capital Region, hosting an annual conference on slavery with speakers from around the world starting in 2001. The group was able to buy the property from the county in 2004 for $1,500 (~$ in ).</p><br>
<p>For the next several years, the organization raised money to restore the house, with the goal of making it a historic house museum devoted to Myers and the local Underground Railroad. The state&#39;s Environmental Protection Fund (EPF) gave them a $50,000 grant at first; by 2007, when the first work got underway, over half a million dollars had been raised. Four years later the EPF came through with a $350,000 (~$ in ) grant, a quarter of which had to be matched. The exterior restoration was completed in 2015, the same year the Stephen and Harriet Myers Residence was opened to the public.</p><br>
<p>In 2021, the Stephen and Harriet Myers Residence became part of the African American Civil Rights Network.</p><br>
<p>Nut Grove, also known as the William Walsh House, is a historic house located on McCarty Avenue in Albany, New York, United States. It is a brick building originally designed in the Greek Revival architectural style by architect Alexander Jackson Davis in the mid-19th century. In 1974 it was listed on the National Register of Historic Places.</p><br>
<p>It is Davis&#39;s only house in that style in the Hudson Valley, and one of the rare Greek Revival houses to use the "Grecian country house" variant of the style. In the early 20th century it was modified for use as a hospital. Today it is part of a drug treatment clinic, known as the Reilly House and used for sober living. Much of its original ornamentation is gone, but it retains the basic form and some of the interior decoration.</p><br>
<h2>Building</h2><br>
<p>The building as it is today stands at the rear of the Addictions Care Center of Albanys (ACCA) 8 acre property on the south side of McCarty just east of Bowne Street, near the southern boundary of the city. To its west and northwest are ACCAs other two, more modern buildings, and a parking lot. A meditation garden and gazebo are located to the north, part of a grassy area with some mature trees separating ACCA from the Nutgrove Garden public housing complex on Nutgrove Lane to the east. Cherry Hill, another old estate listed on the Register, is a quarter-mile (500 m) to the east on South Pearl Street (New York State Route 32) just north of McCarty. Across McCarty are modern single-family homes. To the south is a wooded slope leading down to Interstate 787.</p><br>
<p>The building itself is a two-story structure of yellow brick, five bays wide along its long side. It is topped by a flat roof. A small shed-roofed one story addition is on the west side of the facade, housing what is now the main entrance at its east end. A wood frame addition with clapboard extends one bay from the south, complemented by one extending from the east just above the southeast corner.</p><br>
<p>Along the east facade, originally the front, is a full-length verandah supported by columns. The window lintels have shell or rosette designs, and the original main entrance has Greek Revival detailing. On the north side, the current main entrance has a small porch with a flat roof supported by square columns. Both the shed-roofed addition and the main block&#39;s roof are topped with a plain wide frieze and box cornice. A modern roof with larger box cornice, pierced by a chimney at the south end, forms the uppermost layer.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>When the house was built, in 1845, it was south of Albanys city limits, in the Town of Bethlehem. William Walsh and his wife were part of the citys wealthy aristocracy. They were related by marriage to Henry James.</p><br>
<p>Those connections led them to friends of Davis, who had built many structures in the Hudson Valley, notably the 1839 Oliver Bronson House in Hudson, today recognized as a National Historic Landmark (NHL). Most of his houses were in either the various Gothic Revival styles becoming popular at the time or the new Hudson River Bracketed mode considered to have been developed by the Bronson house. Both styles were seen as gentler and more harmonious with the surrounding countryside in comparison with the Greek Revival style, whose monumentality, especially in its temple variant, was more suited to public buildings and churches, such as Davis&#39;s 1835 Dutch Reformed Church at Newburgh, also an NHL.</p><br>
<p>For the Walshes, Davis built a Grecian country house overlooking the Hudson River. That variant retains the basic form and symmetry of the standard Greek Revival house, but with some slight deviations and extra decoration to create interest and distinguish it from more standard country houses. Nut Grove was originally topped with a hipped roof, had two rear wings and featured diamond-paned glass windows. A garage and cottage were also located to the southwest.</p><br>
<p>Davis designed several similar Grecian country houses after 1835. A simplified version, with some Italianate features, appears in The Architecture of Country Houses, Andrew Jackson Downing&#39;s influential 1850 pattern book. Nut Grove is the only one known to survive.</p><br>
<p>The Walshes lived at Nut Grove until William died in 1863. His wife soon remarried to Robert Donaldson, who owned two other Davis houses downriver in Barrytown, one of which she moved into with him. Her nephew, Dudley Walsh, took over Nut Grove.</p><br>
<p>In the 1870s, Walsh sold it to Thomas McCarty, an Irish immigrant who had become a wealthy brickmaker. McCarty had served two terms on Albanys City Council before becoming a state assemblyman. The city eventually annexed the area around Nut Grove, and McCarty made two unsuccessful bids for mayor. He built a driveway connecting the property to South Pearl Street, the beginning of todays McCarty Avenue, and began to subdivide the property.</p><br>
<p>The house was purchased in 1902 by Eleanor Spensley, who had founded the Hospital for Incurables in downtown Albany 20 years earlier. She died two months later. For hospital purposes the roof was raised and dormer windows added.</p><br>
<p>In that form, the Hospital for Incurables continued operating in the house until 1973. After it was closed the two rear wings were demolished. It remained vacant, owned by the hospital, until sometime after it was listed on the Register in 1974 when the Addictions Care Center of Albany acquired the property. The roof was completely replaced with a flat roof and modern sliding windows were installed. It is now the Reilly House, a sober living environment that can hold up to 12 men at a time.</p><br>
<p>The Weiss Center, formerly the USA Post Office-Manchester Main is a historic building at 491 Main Street in Manchester, Connecticut. It was built in 1931 and was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1986 for its architecture. It includes Colonial Revival, Classical Revival, and Georgian Revival architectural features.</p><br>
<h2>Description and history</h2><br>
<p>The Robert Weiss Center is located at the northern end of Manchester&#39;s main downtown commercial district, at the northeast corner of Main Street (Connecticut Route 83) and Center Street (United States Route 6). It is a single-story masonry structure, built out of brick with limestone trim, with a unique pentagonal floorplan. It presents a broad three-bay front entry facade at an angle to the street intersection, with a projecting Classical four-column portico at the center. The portico has round Doric columns rising to an entablature and a gabled pediment studded with modillion blocks. The center of the gable is decorated with garlands and swags. The flanking windows are tall round-headed sashes. The interior lobby area features brown tile flooring with white marble borders and wainscoting.</p><br>
<p>The building was constructed in 1931 by the federal government to serve as Manchester&#39;s main post office. It has a unique design, prompted by difficulties of its location, credited to United States Supervising Architect James Wetmore. It was built by Pieretti Brothers contractors. The post office occupied it until 1991, after which the building was acquired by the city. It was officially named the Weiss Center in 1994.</p><br>
